Kamis, 23 Maret 2017

Active voice & passive voice

Nama : Reno Rahmat Darmawan
Kelas : 1EA25
Npm: 16216197

Transitive verbs have both active and passive forms:
active

passive
The hunter killed the lion.
>> 
The lion was killed by the hunter.
Someone has cleaned the windows
>> 
The windows have been cleaned

The passive forms are made up of the verb
 be with a past participle:

be
past participle

English
is
spoken
all over the world
The windows
have been
cleaned

Lunch
was being
served

The work
will be
finished
soon
They
might have been
invited
to the party

Active Voice Versus Passive Voice

Here's a question from Brian in Iowa. He writes, “It drives me crazy when people write in passive voice. How can I teach people how to tell the difference between passive and active voice and to stay away from passive voice?”
Well, Brian is right, the first step is to help people understand the difference between active and passive voice, because many people believe they should avoid the passive voice, but fewer people can define it or recognize it.

What Is Active Voice?

I'll start with active voice because it's simpler. In an active sentence, the subject is doing the action. A straightforward example is the sentence "Steve loves Amy." Steve is the subject, and he is doing the action: he loves Amy, the object of the sentence.
Another example is the title of the Marvin Gaye song “I Heard It through the Grapevine.” "I" is the subject, the one who is doing the action. "I" is hearing "it," the object of the sentence.

What Is Passive Voice?

In passive voice, the target of the action gets promoted to the subject position. Instead of saying, "Steve loves Amy," I would say, "Amy is loved by Steve." The subject of the sentence becomes Amy, but she isn't doing anything. Rather, she is just the recipient of Steve's love. The focus of the sentence has changed from Steve to Amy.
If you wanted to make the title of the Marvin Gaye song passive, you would say “It was heard by me through the grapevine,” not such a catchy title anymore

We sometimes use the verb
 get to form the passive:
Be careful with the glass. It might get broken.
Peter
 got hurt in a crash.
If we want to show the person or thing doing the action we use by:
She was attacked by a dangerous dog.
The money was stolen
 by her husband.
We can use the indirect object as the subject of a passive verb:

active

passive
I gave him a book for his birthday
>> 
He was given a book for his birthday.
Someone sent her a cheque for a thousand euros
>> 
She was sent a cheque for a thousand euros.

We can use
 phrasal verbs in the passive:

active

passive
They called off the meeting.
>> 
The meeting was called off.
His grandmother looked after him.
>> 
He was looked after by his grandmother.
They will send him away to school.
>> 
He will be sent away to school.
Some verbs very frequently used in the passive are followed by the to-infinitive:

be supposed to
be expected to
be asked to
be scheduled to
be allowed to
be told to
John has been asked to make a speech at the meeting.
You
 are supposed to wear a uniform.
The meeting
 is scheduled to start at seven. 
TO KEEP, ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICES
Tense
Active voice
Passive voice
Active sentence
Passive equivalent
Simple present
keep
is kept
I keep the butter in the fridge.
The butter is kept in the fridge.
Present continuous
is keeping
is being kept
John is keeping my house tidy.
My house is being kept tidy.
Simple past
kept
was kept
Mary kept her schedule meticulously.
Mary's schedule was kept meticulously.
Past continuous
was keeping
was being kept
The theater was keeping a seat for you.
A seat was being kept for you.
Present perfect
have kept
have been kept
I have kept all your old letters.
All your old letters have been kept.
Past perfect
had kept
had been kept
He had kept up his training regimen for a month.
His training regimen had been kept up for a month.
Simple Future
will keep
will be kept
Mark will keep the ficus.
The ficus will be kept.
Conditional Present
would keep
would be kept
If you told me, I would keep your secret.
If you told me, your secret would be kept.
Conditional Past
would have kept
would have been kept
I would have kept your bicycle here if you had left it with me.
Your bicycle would have been kept here if you had left it with me.
Present Infinitive
to keep
to be kept
She wants to keep the book.
The book wants to be kept.
Perfect Infinitive
to have kept
to have been kept
Judy was happy to have kept the puppy.
The puppy was happy to have been kept.
Present Participle & Gerund
keeping
being kept
I have a feeling that you may be keeping a secret.
I have a feeling that a secret may be being kept.
Perfect Participle
having kept
having been kept
Having kept the bird in a cage for so long, Jade wasn't sure it could survive in the wild.
The bird, having been kept in a cage for so long, might not survive in the wild.

Source:





Tidak ada komentar:

Posting Komentar